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Microbial Impact Control in Offshore Water Systems
Figure 3: Souring Mitigation Cabinet in a Produced Water Figure 4: Corrosion Monitoring in a Produced Water Re-injection System
Re-injection System
Figure 5: Microsensor Applications in the Study of Offshore
Biofouling and Corrosion
Microsensors
As part of the ‘bio-toolbox’ to investigate the mechanisms for
microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC), reservoir souring and
biofouling, Aquateam is currently implementing electrochemical
microsensors (see Figure 5). Microsensors are needle-shaped devices sequencing, fingerprinting and corrosion analyses, microsensors are
powerful tools with which to monitor processes in MIC under
laboratory and field conditions. This holistic approach was recently
This holistic approach was
presented in a study investigating the effect of nitrate on mitigating
recently presented in a study
MIC in steel pipeline biofilms of a seawater injection system. Nitrate
addition clearly induced changes in both structure and function of
investigating the effect of
the bacterial community. Although reducing the extent of general
nitrate on mitigating MIC in
corrosion, nitrate did not prevent pitting on the metal surface of
steel pipeline biofilms of a
corrosion coupons underneath the biofilms.
seawater injection system. Aquateam aims to further develop these approaches to gain a better
understanding of the application of nitrate in offshore PWRI systems
that may be prone to elevated MIC. The information received from
to measure concentration gradients of physiochemical parameters the interaction of the biofilm with the metal surface will allow for an
(oxygen, sulphide, nitrate, nitrite, pH, redox potential, etc.) in diverse effective PWRI implementation. ■
habitats such as sediments, biofilms, hypersaline lakes, the deep sea
and animals. Profiles with high spatial and temporal resolution can
be detected with only minimal disturbance of the sample structure
About Aquateam
due to the small tip diameter (1–200µm) of the microsensor. From
Aquateam is a leading consulting company with highly qualified
those profiles, unique information about the activity and spatial
and motivated team members providing expertise in several
distribution of intact complex microbial communities within the
environmental topics.
microenvironment can be deduced (i.e. fluxes and local conversion
rates of chemical compounds). The company has delivered environmental solutions and
conducted research and development and consultancy on
These rates often differ significantly from rates detected in the bulk
numerous environmental projects to industries and local and
phase, thus giving a more realistic picture of the local activity inside
state authorities, both nationally and internationally.
the structure than obtained by bulk measurements. Combined
www.aquateam.no
with culture-independent molecular biological methods such as
70
EXPLORATION & PRODUCTION – OIL & GAS REVIEW 2008 – VOLUME 6 ISSUE II
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